Teen Suicide Prevention: Myths, Warning Signs, and How to Take Action

Many young people are struggling in ways that we often do not see, and recognising the signs can be the difference between life and death. In South Africa, teen suicide is a crisis that is growing, but often, we do not talk about it until it is too late. The most updated statistics according to the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) highlight the alarmingly high rates of teen suicide. They found:

• Over 20% of teenagers have considered suicide at some point
• Suicide is the second leading cause of death among 15-24 year olds.
• 9% of teenage deaths in South Africa are due to suicide
• About 77% of teenagers who die by suicide showed warning signs – but were either missed or ignored.

These statistics are not just numbers – they represent lives lost and families forever changed. It is critical that we, as a society, recognise the signs of distress and take action to support our youth before it is too late.

While teen suicide is a difficult topic to discuss, it is a conversation that must happen. Our teens are under immense pressure, and being informed about the risk factors and warning signs could make that important difference.

Myth Busting Around Teen Suicide

There are a lot of myths around teen suicide, which can be quite dangerous. Often it is the misinformation around this topic that acts as a massive barrier to preventing teen suicide. Let’s take a look at some of the common myths:

Myth: “It’s just for attention”

Bust: Expressing suicidal thoughts is not an attention-seeking behaviour, but it is a cry for help, which needs to be taken seriously. Even if a teen talks about suicide or self-harm, but does not act on these thoughts, it does not mean their pain is not real.

Myth: “Talking about suicide will put the idea in their head”

Bust: Talking about suicide does not cause suicide, it helps prevent it. When we avoid difficult topics, such as suicide, teens often feel more alone in their thoughts which can cause more distress. However, if teens are able to openly engage in conversations about suicide, it can reduce stigma and help teens feel understood and supported. This often brings about relief and can be the first step towards getting support.

Myth: Only “troubled” or teens with mental health disorders think about suicide”

Bust: Suicide affects teens from all backgrounds. Academic pressure, bullying, trauma, family stress and social isolation can all contribute towards suicidal thoughts.

Myth: “They seemed okay.”

Bust: Teens who seem ‘well-adjusted’ may still be at risk, which is why it is important to pay attention to the warning signs. Some teens hide their distress through humour, overachievement, or even social media.

Myth: “teens who are suicidal want to die”

Bust: Teens contemplating suicide do not necessarily want to die – often they just want to end their emotional pain. Sometimes, suicide may feel like the only option to escape overwhelming feelings, but with support (i.e.: therapy or talking to a trusted adult), teens can be shown that other solutions exist and can find healthier ways to cope with their overwhelming emotions.

Recognising the Warning Signs

As noted, many teens show signs that we may sometimes overlook. Here are some of the most common indicators that a teen may be in distress and needs support:

• Talking About Feeling Hopeless: Teens might directly express feelings of hopelessness, or may make comments such as, “nothing matters”, “what’s the point?”. Even indirect comments, such as “You’d be better off without me”, should be taken seriously.
• Behavioural Changes: Sudden withdrawal from friends and family, losing interest in activities they once enjoyed, or even changes in sleeping and eating patterns can be red flags. Other behavioural red flags might include neglecting personal hygiene and giving away their possessions.
• Self-Destructive Behaviour: Some teens show an increase in risk-taking behaviours, self-harm, or sudden substance use and other risky behaviours.

In our modern social media driven world, even small hints on posts can be cries for help.

Supporting a Teen who may be Struggling

If you suspect a teen in your life might be struggling, do not ignore it. Many adults may be hesitant to start the conversation, as they may be worried about saying the wrong thing but doing nothing is worse. Here are some ways you can offer support:

• Initiate an Open Conversation: Do not be afraid to ask directly if they’re struggling or thinking about suicide. You could ask “are you feeling overwhelmed?”, or “have you been thinking about hurting yourself?”. You could also base the conversation on your observations: “I’ve noticed you haven’t quite been yourself lately. I’m here if you want to talk”.
• Listen without judgement: Listen to the teen without interrupting or jumping to ‘fix’ the situation. Let the teen share their thoughts and feelings openly and fully. Also, try to avoid responses like “don’t be dramatic” or “just get over it”. Listen openly, while also validating their feelings by saying “That sounds really hard. I’m here for you”. Sometimes, just knowing someone cares can bring them a sense of relief. Note: Don’t take it for granted that your teen knows you care. They need to hear it too.
• Don’t Dismiss Their Pain: Even if you do not understand why they feel that way, do not dismiss or minimise their pain. Their emotions are valid and real to them.
• Encourage Professional Help: Let teens know that talking to a psychologist or a counsellor is not a sign of weakness or that something is wrong with them – it’s a way to feel better.

Where to get Help

• SADAG Suicide Crisis Helpline: 0800 567 567 (Available 24/7)
• SADAG SMS Helpline: SMS 31393 for a callback
• Lifeline South Africa: 0861 322 322
• Find a Psychologist: Seek a therapist who can provide professional support tailored to the teens individual needs.

Final Thoughts

Teen suicide is an increasing crisis – it is not just another statistic. We all have a role to play in challenging harmful myths, recognising warning signs, and creating safe, non-judgmental spaces for open conversations. This way, we can collectively support our teens and prevent unnecessary loss.

Whether you are a parent, teacher, sibling, or friend – you could be the person who makes a difference. Together, let’s make sure that no teen feels like they have to face this battle alone.